Brassica Triangle

Juncea AABB an important oilseed crop of the Indian subcontinent. Brassica species within the triangle of U.

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Three diploid species Brassica rapa Brassica nigra and Brassica oleracea which represent the AA BB and CC genomes are shown.

Brassica triangle. Carinata Ethiopian mustard BBCC 2 n 34. Rapa A genome B. The concept of Us triangle which revealed the importance of polyploidization in plant genome evolution described natural allopolyploidization events in Brassica using three diploids B.

Brassica carinata was deduced to have formed 0047 Mya which is slightly earlier than B. The concept of Us triangle which revealed the importance of polyploidization in plant genome evolution described natural allopolyploidization events in Brassica using three diploids B. Brassica nigra BB also called black mustard is grown as a condiment crop in India.

The theory states that the genomesof three ancestral species of Brassicacombined to create three of the common modern vegetablesand oilseedcrop species. For example three diploid species in the Brassicaceae family Brassica rapa field mustard or turnip AA 2 n 20 B. The genus Brassica and its wild relatives is made up of 48 genera and approximately 240 species Warwick and Hall 2009.

Nigra black mustard BB 2 n 16 and B. Another allotetraploid taxon Brassica napuscv. It has since been confirmed by studies of DNA and proteins.

Napus AC and B. Juncea AB genome B. Nigra represents the B genome of Us triangle and is one of the progenitor species of B.

Wester may have been maternally derived from the common ancestor of B. Also on CD-ROM are chromosome numbers from the literature for 686 of the genera and 420 of the Brassicaceae species Warwick and Al. Rapaand Brassica oleraceaole andor have undergone an extra hybridization events along its evolutionary history.

Direct evidence for genome changes after polyploidization was obtained by studying synthetic amphidiploids Song et al 1993. Also shown are three allotetraploid species Brassica juncea Brassica napus and Brassica carinata which are hybrid combinations of the basic genomes. However comprehensive understanding of Brassica genome evolution.

Napus oilseed rape AACC 2 n 38 and B. Artiﬁcial synthesis of three analogues of B. Warwick Francis and Al-Shehbaz 2006 have prepared a checklist and a current taxonomic database for the family on CD-ROM.

Relationships between diploid and amphidiploid crop-founding Brassica species the triangle of U. Oleracea wild cabbage CC 2 n 18 have hybridized to give rise to three allotetraploid species B. The characteristics of Brassicamt genomic structures also supported the phylogenetic results.

Within the genus Brassica the classic triangle of U 27 consists of six crop species including three functional diploid species at each point of the triangle B. Brassica carinata shares one whole-genome triplication event with the five other species in Us triangle a classic model of evolution and polyploidy in Brassica. Napus but later than B.

Nigra B and B. Juncea Indian mustard AABB 2 n 36 B. The genus Brassica Brassicaceae Brassiceae is closely related to the model plant Arabidopsis and includes several important crop plants such as oilseed rape Canola brown mustard Chinese cabbage turnip cabbage cauliflower and broccoli.

The triangle of Uis a theory about the evolution and relationships between members of the plantgenusBrassica. Oleracea C and derived allotetraploids B. Carinata permitted their analysis for morphological traits chromosome.

The Us triangle model describes the relationship among brassica crops Six species of the genus Brassica are used widely throughout the world as oilseed condiments fodder or vegetable crops.

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